A Clean, Well-Lighted Place by Ernest Hemingway Essay Example for Free

A bully, Well-Lighted Place by Ernest Hemingway Essay1. A Clean Well-Lighted Place2. In the short story A Clean Well-Lighted Place written by Ernest Hemingway in 1933, there are three characters that are defined by light. First there is the senior gentleman who is a customer in the bar. He regularly comes to the bar to get drunk while he sits in the shadows of the leaves of a tree. This man has lived a long life and has known much pain. In fact he has known enough pain that he has tried and true to commit suicide. The two waiters inside the cafe knew that the old man was a little drunk, and while he was a good client they knew that if he became in any case drunk he would leave without paying, so they kept watch on him.Last week he tried to commit suicide, one waiter said. (Hemingway)He drinks to dull his pain of loss and pain. The shadows are symbolic of all of his bead memories clumped together and the leaves that through tiny shadows to hide him are specific memories. Even though he wraps himself in the darkness, he must be close to the light in order to survive. The light, or goodness, gives him hope to carry on in a life that he cannot even successfully leave.The next character is the young waiter who must have the light. He has not lived long, has a wife, and children. Because his life seems to be exactly where it should be things are good and that is represented by the clean light of the bar. Because of his youth, there has not been time for messes or losses. He fears the shadows that shroud the elderly man because he sees them as foreshadows of his own life that he does not want to face.Hell get all night, he said to his colleague. Im sleepy now. I never get into bed before three oclock. He should have killed himself last week. (Hemingway)The last is the older waiter. This man has experienced enough life that he, want the elderly gentleman, prefers the dark. He sees the light as only something to illuminate the defects in life. The light is ve ry bright and pleasant but the bar is unpolished, the waiter. said. (Hemingway) This way feels that understands that he has more in common with the elderly man in the shadows, but he longs to be back in the light.I am of those who like to stay late at the cafe, the older waiter said.With all those who do not want to go to bed. With all those who need a light for the night. (Hemingway)3. Hemingway uses A Clean Well-Lighted Place to ponder the meaning of life. Life is lived and through the journey, individuals know the joy which leave them with a lack of understanding of others like the young waiter and the elderly man. You should have killed yourself last week, he said to the deaf man. The old man motioned with his finger. (Hemingway) Only those who are satisfied with life should be around him. currency is not what makes large number happy.The elderly man has bills, but still he tries unsuccessfully to committee suicide. Hemingway was well into his career at this time and had plen ty of money yet he was not happy. He adds the quick glimpse of the girl and the soldier who brave the fear of getting caught for the sake of love or the sensible part of love to show that there are things that are meaningful in life that are worth the risk. Yet in the end people are left with their shadows of memories that are so painful that they either want for nothing but to turn back to the light part of their lives or to desire to leave life.

Analysis of UK and Pakistan Education System Essay Example for Free

Analysis of UK and Pakistan Education System EssayUK is one of the renowned trading power and pecuniary hub of the earth, stands at third position in European Union interest Germany and France. The agriculture sector of the region is particularly strong and mechanized. Its efficiency cornerstone be ensured through the production of 60 percent pabulum needs with only 2 percent of workforce. The region has significant energy resource but due to increasing demands it is importing energy from 2005. The insurance and financial institutes in addition to bank are generating the largest portion of GDP of the region. The fresh financial crises particularly influenced the economy of the region during 2008 because of the financial sector of the region (www. cia. gov). Literacy govern of the region is 99 percent while 5. 5 percent of GDP is fixed for the maturement of pedagogics sector. According to such percentage of GDP it stands at 44th position as compare to other countries (ww w. cia. gov). There were 89 universities and 131 higher(prenominal) commandment institutes operating till August 2011 (www. universitiesuk. ac. uk).The expansion in higher information system of the region is relatively slow as compared to the other countries competing with the region according to the report of Organisation for Economic Cooperation and growing (OECD, 2007). There are several countries coming up with significantly higher number of college and universities although the growth of education sector in recent years in UK is besides remarkable. The add-on in the educational institutes positively influence the graduation run in UK as it was 37 percent during the year 2000 and reached upto 39 percent in 2005.On the other hand the position of the region was dropped from 3rd to 10th position as compare to round 20 countries while considering the educational performance (www. guardian. co. uk). The recent financial crises negatively influenced all the sectors therefore th e governing was planning to reduce the educational expenses by 25 percent during the upcoming four years. It was mentioned the chancellor that the drop-off in the compute for educational sector depends on the treatment with the other sectors which are influencing the budget of the region.No guarantee of not cutting the educational budget was given by the chancellor. It was except mentioned by the government official that the possible saving through reduction in welfare budget may positively facilitate in reducing percentage of cut in educational budget (BBC, 2010). UK is also famous as an esteem education provided all around the world and students of different continents are presently completing their education in UK. Recently the government particularly focus the immigration process of students for making amendments.The seniors of UK education sector that the shift of government towards Tier 4 student immigration program may adversely effect the higher education institutes and the whole economy. The government particularly deployed for deciding about the student visa system of UK according to the new rules and policies. In addition the numbers of immigration given to the skilled workers also threatened the education sector because the student which testament not take higher education may reduce the scope of universities and it will be preferably difficult for the region to compete with the other countries as far as the educational sector is concerned (www. orkpermit. com).Pakistan is facing severe law and order spatial relation in addition to political disputes which negatively influencing the trend of foreign investment. The recent energy crises are also one of the factors which badly effecting the overall development of economy. The unemployment rate according to the government is 6 percent but the real rate is very high because of the slow economic development. During the recent years the growth of the res publica significantly reduced while the in flation rate is particularly increasing. On the other hand food prices have also remarkable increased.The UN Human Development Report estimated the poverty during 2011 around 50 percent population. The inflation rate was recorded at 7. 7 percent during 2007 which was crossed 13 percent during the year 2011. The currency value of Pakistan has decreased by 40 percent since 2007 due to such circumstances (www. cia. gov). The education facilities in Pakistan are although developing but belt up require significant attention to compete with the global market. The literacy rate of the country is very low and estimated as around 50 percent in which 63 percent are males while remaining are females.The government declared 2. 7 percent of annual GDP for the education sector so that further schools can be developed and established according to the need of population. Keeping in view the expenses declared for education sector as compared to the remaining world the country is at 142nd position w hich is considerably low rank (www. cia. gov). Ministry for education is performing critical role for the development education sector in Pakistan. The bring out aim is to promote education according to the policies and plans defined by the management of the firm.Under this ministry education policy for 1998-2010 was prepared for significantly focusing the overall development educational sector within Pakistan. In this policy the education of the soil and Islamic knowledge was particularly focused for reasonable development. Literacy, non-formal, elementary, secondary and teacher education were also included. The government particularly focused vocational and technical education in addition to higher education for the students so that the need of the market can be fulfilled.The government also particularly focused the private sector which is consistently and rapidly developing within Pakistan for providing upto the mark quality education to the nation (http//www. moe. gov. pk). Th e higher education sector of Pakistan is facing problems due to significant reduction in the budget during the last two years (2010 and 2011). Presently the government is outlay around 1. 8 percent of its GDP on education and in the world there are only six countries found which are following Pakistan.The upcoming problems for the education sector of Pakistan are further critical as the government has planned to devolve the higher education system to the provinces till 2014. It will be a grand loss to the upcoming generation as the standard of education will be decreased in addition to huge wastage of money invested for the development of the sector. The policies of the government are negatively effecting the development of education sector although there is crucial requirement of central authority which ensures the development of education sector (newsweekpakistan. com).

Effect of Demand on Supply on Coffee and Sugar Prices

Effect of Demand on Supply on burnt umber and Sugar PricesTable of Contents (jump to)IntroductionEconomic ConceptsArticle abbreviationTitle Coffee paucity may arise referable to drought, clime change, revolt demand, analysts sayConclusionsReferenceIntroductionMicroeconomics deals with economic finishs at micro level. It looks at the behaviour of the individual, throng and companies within the economy. Being based on the idea of the market economy in which the consumer demand is the main driver for the prices and production levels of goods and services. It is basically inclined to explicate how the interested parties choose in using limited resources be made available to them. It as well focuses on the drivers of making decisions and the ways in which such decisions of them affect the demand and supply of specific goods and services. For the following article also I have choosen the resultant of demand on supply on prices of two commodities as burnt umber and sugar.Econ omic ConceptsThe content of demand and supply on price due to the climate changes, where the prices increase due to the shortage of commodities or products and supply is short and where the demand is exalted is being discussed in the article.Article AnalysisTitle Coffee shortage may arise due to drought, climate change, rising demand, analysts saySource The Washington Post, February 21, 2014When we discuss about the microeconomics we mean the study of economic behaviour of individual units of economy and not aggregate economy. It is basically concerned with the individual economic choices, the effect of changes in these factors on individual decision overlords, how choices are coordinated of them and how demand and prices are determined. It so deals with the economic decisions made at low or micro level. The effect of demand and supply on a product of economy is updated while going through the article updated on February 21, 2014 which is explaining how Coffee shortage has arise and its impact on demand. The article in that locationfrom explains that by the succession of year in February, the delicate Arabica burnt umber plants which are in mountains of Brazil, where from most of the burnt umber comes, are about to mature by this time. The perfumed flowers appear followed by cherry like fruit, which each of them containing two seeds as Arabica Coffee beans, which are most popular in the world. yet java shortage aroused due to the worst drought occurred last month in Brazil coffee belt region, thereby destroying the crop yields and causing the price of coffee to shoot up with a percentage of more than 50 this year.Drought being historic and more than 140 cities in Brazil was forced to limit water, whereby according to some newspapers drought was so devastating that some neighborhoods of Brazil were receiving water every three days only. But according to Jack Scoville (a in store(predicate) market analyst) now the retail price of coffee has been sta ble. But their could be chances for the rise in price of Arabica beans then this year consumers would notice an increase in the prices of their coffee. therefore this is a case of demand increase and supply shortage whereby putting an impact on the prices by increasing them.The resultant of such a drought was the rise in price per pound of coffee which was meant for delivery due in March had reached the highest point around $1.72 in 14 months. There could be global coffee deficit were assumed before drought had to arise. Therefore for the first time in three years the global market of coffee would face shortage. So the predictions for the session 2014-15 were that the coffee supplies would be lowered by 5 million bags.But according to the last years entropy there was so much coffee that Arabica coffee futures has fell down by 25% and according to experts the price of coffee would rose for long time period just because of people in developing markets like Brazil, China and India ar e acquiring a taste for coffee. Higher prices and more competition go forth be seen due to high quality of coffee according to a coffee buyer and sustainability manger as Kim Elena Ionescu. The developing world made coffee and the developed world had drunk it. But now the scenario has changed and the developing countries are also consuming coffee alongwith making it.More people are knotted in drinking better coffee according to what is mentioned in the article. Therefore demand will continue to make a shortage in supply. But there are considerable concerns that the climate change will also hamper the supply of coffee as it had happened in Brazil due to drought. This climate change in Brazil brought drastic changes in the price of coffee with the increase in its demand and shortage in supply as people preferred coffee over tea as many dont like tea and prefer to have coffee in good morning everyday. The taste of coffee has so long lasting effect that it makes the individual addict ed to coffee have coffee even at high prices.To explain the above statement concerning the increase in price,the above graph mentions that with the increase in demand of coffee the demand curve shifted to the right and the quantity demanded increase from Q1 to Q2 and price increased from P1 to P2.The Brazilian connection has various thoughts on such a situation when it happened to be the worst drought as it would put the company in risk for their supply chain of Arabica coffee bean as mentioned in the article by the head of sustainability, Starbucks in 2011. As this company is the worlds famous Company for selling coffee with high quality and variety which attracts the customers to have coffee from Starbucks store only.To explain the above statement, the above graph thence shows how coffee prices are increasing from P1 to P2 and the demand curve is shifting to right due to increasing demand of coffee, but the supply curve shifts to left showing that there is shortage of coffee.Ac cording to the article it is mentioned correctly that many people like sugar in their coffee and for them as Brazil along with being the maker of coffee is the worlds largest producer of sugar, due to such conditions of drought is forced to take action as to disrupt plans for harvesting sugar cane. So the future prices of sugar tend to be at a rise and are at high level from the past two months due to the effect of climate change.Therefore the article has made it clear the after effects of climate change as drought on the production of coffee beans and as well on production of sugar cane. This had made the worse situation for the economy as supply chain has also being effected and due to the shortage in supply and increase in demand of coffee and sugar as well had made the prices of sugar and coffee to rise.This article thus made me to realize a situation where people would suffer due to the high costs and it may affect their purchasing power as well. As people would tend to earn in such a economy as they were earning earlier but in crises situation their income would also be abnormal as the company would not be able to pay much but in such a situation people who have to procure emergency goods as coffee to satisfy their needs will purchase it at high cost no matter their income allows to purchase at high prices and sugar which is the more necessary goodness is also to be purchased by them at high cost. These sorts of purchases will affect their purchasing power to purchase early(a) commodities which are less essential but yet in their need criteria to be left out as such. This decision is taken in a microeconomic environment. Therefore the country involved in producing the Arabica beans for the production of coffee is forced to think in future aspects of the increase in price of coffee to affect its supply chain as well, to come to a optimal solution to get rid of this problem in such a situation. As more and more people are inclined towards having coffee and one who is habitual to having coffee cannot be without it as coffee is also included in a drink which creates addiction for the individuals who are in regular use of coffee.ConclusionsThe article has a clear analysis of the increase in price of commodity due to the increase in demand but decrease in supply. As there is shortage of supplying the coffee due to the climatic changes so the prices of the coffee are at hike and the demand is also at hike accordingly. Therefore the article is showing a clear picture of the microeconomic situation and the study of economic theory as well. The economic theory so suggests the demand and supply are the main constraints for a product or commodity and are sometimes opposite in curve and sometimes run parallel by keeping any one constraint as demand or supply as constant with changes in price.ReferenceYang, J., (2014), Coffee shortage may arise due to drought, climate change, rising demand, analysts say, Article, procurable http//www.washin gtonpost.com/business/economy/2014/02/21/0f16ed44-9b28-11e3-975d-107dfef7b668_story.html Accessed 7 May 2014

Constitution of the United States and Crime

composition of the United States and Crime introIn the United States, there be some(prenominal) punitive systems whereby while some houses the most dangerous criminals globally, others house the criminals who do not require a lot of security. The purpose of the correctional systems is utilize them in the detention of the criminals who bewilder been convicted of the umbrages that are against the outlined rules in the guild. The main goal of the correctional facilities in thus to punish the wrongdoers as nearly as rehabilitate them so that they chiffonier be in a position to live a law-abiding life once they are released rearwards to the society (McElreath, 2012). The professionals in these correctional facilities such as the parole officers, probation officers, jailers and the guards in the correctional facilities are supposed to be careful to avoid violating the rights of any individual in the facilities while still ensuring that they go along the punishment. The profess ionals are expected to uphold the ethical standards in their execution of legal expert. In this write up, the parts of the constitution which are closely related to to the ethics in the correction professionals will be discussed and use of companionable justice principles by the professionals to build a just society. In addition to this, the paper will also address how the criminal theory is practically used by the correctional officers and three issues that are faced by correctional professionals on a regular basis and the way to respond to them.Corrections professionals must execute justice by upholding the law in an ethical and constitutional manner. Identify and explain which parts of the governing body of the United States are most relevant to the ethical standards of corrections professionals.In the United States, various outlined rules are supposed to be followed in the plain stitch of criminal justice, and they give the criminals their rights. One of the parts of the Constitution of the United States which is most relevant to the ethical standards of corrections professionals is the one which gives the criminals their rights. This outlines that the criminals should not be harmed in besides irrespective of the crimes that they have committed. The countries criminal system do not cause harm to them because they ass be released from the prosecution and their case acquainted if the prosecution is through in their favor and no act of immorality is found. The officers in charge of the law enforcement in the country must always train that they execute justice in a way that the law is upheld in a constitutional and an ethical manner. The Department of Justice in the United States aims at the prevention and the end of the conflicts and the tensions that arise between communities as a result of discriminatory policies, actions, and performs by color, nationality, and race. All the law enforcement officers are thus expected to follow as well as obey t he outlined rules and regulations at all times.How corrections professionals ensure that they uphold the ConstitutionOne of the ways in which the correction professionals ensure that they uphold the Constitution is through ensuring that they do not inflict any injury to the inmates irrespective of the crimes that they have committed. In case the inmates are assaulted, they are supposed to report on the issue through writing for investigations to be carried out to punish the individual who assaulted them. The other way in which the correctional professionals should ensure that they uphold the Constitution is by ensuring equality among all the inmates irrespective of their race, color, the origin or the crime committed (Pollock, 2014). All the inmates should be treated similarly irrespective of whether they committed murder, petite crimes or even kidnapping. They should, however, avoid putting together the inmates who committed murder and the ones convicted for shoplifting since it is dangerous for the two individuals involved. The other way in which the correctional professionals should ensure that they uphold the Constitution is by avoiding solidarity among them. This is illegal, and the correctional professionals should avoid this to avoid doing illegal thinks when together on the clock.Analyze the ways in which corrections professionals use the complaisant justice principles of equality, solidarity, and human rights to build a more just society.One of the ways in which the correctional professionals use the social justice principles of equality, human rights, and solidarity is by reporting anything that is illegal that is being done by other correctional professionals to each other or the inmates. Although the inmates are locked in, they should still be treated as human beings, and they deserve it. Since the inmates are in the custody of the state, they should be provided with food and shelter for protection purposes at the time they are incarcerated. The inmates should thus be interpreted care of, and their human rights should not be violated. The other way in which the correctional professionals use the social justice principles of equality, human rights and solidarity are through example their duties and responsibilities. These professionals are faced with ethical dilemmas on a daily basis, they are involved in the community corrections, and they also carry out the evaluations on the recuperative justice. In addition to this, many programs are offered at the correctional institutions which include the rehabilitation programs for alcohol, management of anger and drugs and these are usually created to help the mickle who choose these resources, but they cant access them while they are out of the jail.Why people commit crimes and how corrections professionals use criminal theory in their practiceThere are many theories which describe the reasons why people commit crimes. These theories are used by the practitioners in the correc tional facilities in their solar day to day practices. One of the theories which explain why people commit crimes is the social let outing theory. This theory depicts that people usually develop the motivation to commit a crime and the skills that they require in the crime process as a result of the people that they interact with. The social learning theories speculate that young people learn the ways in which they are supposed to behave depending on the ways in which their elders responds to their encroachment or the compliance on the rules (Banks, 2013). The appropriate behavior is indicated in the society through rewarding the morally acceptable behavior and punishing or imposing penalties on the transgressions. With time, the transgression is usually associated with the visage thereby producing the sanction even at times when there is no one available to check on the sanctions. It is as a result of this process that the young people can learn how to control themselves by the legal and the moral codes.The other theory which explains why people commit the crime is the strain theory. According to this theory, many people in the society have aspirations that are similar, but the truth is that they have differing opportunities or the abilities to bring in their aspirations. Whenever the people are not able to meet the expectations that the society have on them through the means that are approved such as the delayed gratification and hard work, they may end up trying to achieve their desired success through engaging in criminal activities. The tertiary theory which explains why people commit the crime is the social disorganization theory. This theory speculates that the social, as well as the physical environment of an individual, are primarily conscientious of the behavioral choices that the individuals make. For instance, in the neighborhoods that have social structures that are fraying, the chances of having crimes are very high. Such a neighborhood is likely to have poor schools, high take away aim of unemployment, buildings that are vandalized and vacant and also the mixture of residential and commercial properties. It is thus as a result of the physical and the social environment that the people are brought up that can contribute to the behavioral practices that individuals adopt as they grow such as committing the crime. The correctional professionals use the criminal theories in their practice to come up with the best solutions that will assist in reducing the types as well as the levels of crime in the society (Akers, 2013).Three main issues that face corrections professionals on a regular basis and address the best responses to these issues.One of the main issues that the correctional professionals are faced with on a regular basis is the inmates behavior. This is one of the challenges that the correction professionals experience in their day to day tasks, and in some ways, they have the least control over the issue whil e in others, they have a high level of control. It is clear that most of the inmates are more willing to take instructions, combative and also to a great extent willing to argue. The cases of the verbal confrontations between the correctional officers and the professionals are very high, and in the current days, they usually develop into physical incidences, and it has become a norm. The best way in which the corrections professional can respond to this issue is by learning on how to deal with the inmates both verbally and physically than before. In this, the officers should learn the ways of deflecting, re management and getting back on the right track after an argument without necessarily getting angry and losing their control. They should learn to know when the use of words fails so that they can take the necessary action to ensure control of the inmates without affecting their rights. They should thus get to realize that they have an objective standard on how they take care of t he inmates.The bet on main issue that the correctional professionals are faced with on a regular basis is the negative media attention. Commonly, the members of the public i.e. readers complain that the media only covers negative watchword about the corrections. The readers are right because the media always concentrates on the negative stories on the corrections without generating any of the positive stories (Siegel, 2017). The best response to address this issue is focusing on the positive which can be achieved through an administrative decision focusing on pushing out the positive content. Every facility should have public relations which aim at getting the positive stories out such as officers protecting the inmates from harm, food drive, and collections made by officers as presents to the kids during Christmas among others.The third issue that the correctional professionals are faced with on a regular basis is inadequate training among the midlevel supervisors. This is a chal lenge because most of the frontline supervisors who are mandatory to evaluate the incidents where force should be used do not have the required knowledge and skills to do it in the right manner. This results in the situation whereby the officers can get away with their improper behaviors and thus ineffectiveness of the correctional system. In addition to this, the reports are not written in the right way, and the reviews are scarce done, and when done they are poor. The best response to address this issue is ensuring that the correctional professionals are well trained such that they are well all round on all the roles and responsibilities that they are supposed to play in the organization. In addition to this, the state should secure enough funds for the training of the supervisors and other lag working in the correctional facilities.In conclusion, the correction professionals should ensure that they uphold and achieve the goal of the correctional facilities which is the punishin g of the wrongdoers and rehabilitating them. They should be careful to avoid violation of the rights of the inmates and still uphold the punishment required. In addition to this, they should ensure that they uphold social justice, equality, humanity and also ethicality in their process of executing justice.ReferencesAkers, R. (2013). Criminological Theories Introduction and Evaluation. Hoboken Taylor and Francis.Banks, C. (2013). Criminal justice ethics theory and practice. Thousand Oaks SAGE Publications.McElreath, D. (2012). Introduction to corrections. Boca Raton, FL CRC Press.Pollock, J. (2014). Ethical dilemmas and decisions in criminal justice. Belmont, Calif Wadsworth Cengage Learning.Siegel, L. (2017). Corrections today. Belmont, Calif Wadsworth Cengage Learning

Reflection coaching

Reflection coachingReflection is defined by Stenhouse 1975 p144 as a capacity for autonomous professional self-development through systematic self-study. Discuss how a coach utilises reflective dress to enhance their coaching performance Reflection is used to amend coaching performance through a variety of ways. Kidman (2001 50) describes construction as a particularly signifi nominatet part of empowerment whereby coaches themselves take ownership of their learning and decision making. The coach is therefore very mobile in gaining information which could be beneficial to them. Dewey (1919 3) describes animadversion as turning a subject over in the mind and giving it a earnest and consecutive consideration. By analysing information repeatedly and seriously, in depth knowledge is gained from it. *(DANS)*Pollard (2002) believes that Reflective article of faith is applied in cyclical or spiralling process, in which teachers monitor, evaluate and revise their own recitation co ntinually. By being dedicated in analysing oneself, analysing others is feasible. A slightly divergent concept of reflection is introduced by Schon. The notion of, reflection in action. Schon (1983 50) Athletes think about what they are doing, some judgment of convictions even while doing it. Expanding on this Schon spunkylights phrases like, Keep your wits about you and thinking on your feet. Schons belief here is in game reflection is natural and beneficial. Gilbert and Trudel (2001) believe Schons idea as a separate type of reflection. They in like manner offer a different type of reflection which they call retrospective reflection-on-action which is further described as that which occurs exterior the action-present. Their belief is that coaches reflect on concerns in between be excite sessions and that reflection still occurs within the action-present, but not in the midst of activity. So they firmly believe that reflection-on-action is totally different to reflection-in -action.Gilbert and Trudel (2001) consider reflection to utilise a conceptual framework to commiserate how coaches draw on experience when learning to coach Ghaye and Lillyman (2000) bring precedent the idea that the core of reflection is carried out in a series of frames. Role framing was the coaches role executed correct? Value framing examining if there was value-positions present? Temporal framing was the order of actions correct? Parallel process framing could the end result varied? Problem framing were problems noticed efficaciously?These frames provide a practical way of analysing sport rehearses. Reflective do slew provide an efficient apparatus for monitoring and assessment of athletes.Dewey (1916) who is considered heavily to be the instituteer of reflection, gives three attributes which are needed in order to participate in reflective performance. Open-mindedness, described as an active desire to listen to more(prenominal) sides than one, to give heed to f acts from whatever source they come and to give lavish attention to alternative possibilities. Whole-heartedness, which is being absorbed in an interest. Responsibility is to a fault needed as consequences are accepted therefore securing integrity in ones beliefs. Deweys beliefs have stood strong for eighty years and still provide modern coaches with a basic outlook on what is needed to be an effective reflective coach. Methods of using reflective practise There are a few ways in which reflective practise is put into action. By using a variety of methods coaches can expand from the basics and look more in accompaniment depending on the type of information that is required. Video analysis is one method used in order to aid reflective practise. A coach can record a session and therefore have exact details of what actions are taken. This allows for precise analysis in which athletes can also see themselves and what they could improve on. McKernan was a firm believer in video record ing to aid coaching might use a video recorder to trap teaching performance as say or data to be analysed. More importantly, such(prenominal) a film becomes a critical documentary for reflecting on behaveresearch can be undertaken by reactive methods such as observers, questionnaires, inter tidy core groups, dia recordue journals or through such non-reactive techniques as case studies, field notes, logs, diaries anecdotic records, document analysis, shadow studies. McKernan (1996)(DANS) Using other coaches is one way reflective practise can be more reliable and efficient. Analysis speed is increase as more coaches can observe and acknowledge similar issues that arise and whilst opinions may be divided, an overview of general problems can be addressed more easily. This view is backed up by Gould, Giannani, Krane, Hodge (1990) development of craft knowledge which can be fostered through the realms of practical experience and interaction with other coaches. Using a cognitive base d style, reflection can take place through demonstration. Coaches need to reflect on how demonstrations of skills are executed and the coach must(prenominal) batten down that when a learner is receiving a demonstration that it is of adequate quality for the athlete to learn and progress using reflection. Demonstrations Coaching points and logs are a very basic and fundamental way of reflecting on a performer. By making key observations during a practise and after, a coach can identify the problem areas. The more experienced the coach the more this basic method is effective and less need for the more advanced methods. This kind of feedback is usually Benefits to using reflective practise by reflecting on practise a coach may expose his or her perceptions and beliefs to evaluation, creating a heightened sense of self awareness, which in turn my lead to a certain openness to new ideas (Hellison and Templin 1991 9) Reflective practise can increase efficiency in perception and creati vity. This is due to the self improvement the coach must make themselves but are rewarded through these attributes. These attributes could then be passed onto the learner and thus bridging a gap between coach and learner.(BOOK) (PDF)Anderson, Knowles and Gilbourne (2004) state that reflective practice is the latest topical strategic method that could help sports coaches explore their decisions and experiences, aiding them to make sense of the situation and directly influence the learning process. This is clear that reflective practise can be used in order to help sports coaches. It is also considered one of the more modern uses of coaching in order to achieve higher(prenominal) ability in a more demanding results driven environment. Indeed, to maximise learning, critical reflection is the core difference between whether an individual repeats the same experience time and time again or learns from the experience in such a way that the individual is cognitively or affectively changed ( Boyde and Fales, 1983).(PDF) By using reflective practise Boyde and Fales suggest that there is a high chance of learning and developing skills rather than just repeating an experience with no eventual gain. They believe reflection is essential to this as without it there would be no way an individual would know if improvement took place or not. if a coach takes the opportunity to understand the consequences, some(prenominal) positive and negative, of the decisions made during a training session, they are better able to rationalise their decisions when under pressure (Kidman, 2001).(PDF) Kidman here links this in with Schons refelction in action. This is unavoidable in high tempo environments and is vital in gaining a better decision making process. Whilst reflection is important before and during training or match environments, only reflection in action can gain quick and often needed information to make decisions. reflection is thought to have a potent role in helping to bridg e the gap between education and knowledge that is generated through practice (Ghaye Ghaye, 1998).(PDF) Making coaches acknowledge their achievements is possible via reflection as it is a conscious and active way of fortifying the positives and negatives of individual and group practise. Difficulties in using reflective practise Whilst there is lots of evidence to strengthen the idea that reflective coaching is a useful practise, there are certainly problems that need addressing and limitations which clearly show it is not a full proof method even when applied properly. Crum (1995) If a practitioner holds a training-of-the-physical view of coaching and believes his or her role is only to improve fitness and absorb a technical/utilitarian approach, then becoming a coach who reflects in depth is not going to be paramount. Whilst reflective practise does have its place, it would seem that it is limited. Some areas such as social negotiation and mentality may be difficult to improve through reflection practise but in many environments that reflective practise is used these are vital skills. Playing in high tempo and contact sports require both of these skills in abundance and gaining it through the individual is the most logical approach but if reflective practise is used then the coach is providing the information and techniques which arent transferrable to individuals in these areas. As many coaches will testify, written reflection, usually in the form oflogs, are frequently sanitised to deliver what is deemed as being necessary knowledge, thus being corralled into conformity (Chesterfield, Jones, Mitchell, 2007), possibly stifling coach creativity.(PDF) Whilst Hellison and Templin believe in reflection in opening creativity, the basic form of a log could be evidence that reflection does hinder creativity. Conformity is compliance with what already exists, if coaches comply to current practises such as logs then there is no infinite for new practises to be introduced and composed. (PDF)Johns (1995) argued that reflective practice is profoundly difficult, and it is therefore necessary to have a detailed model that guides and supports coaches. Reflection does require many skills and outside opinions to be useful. There is a certain amount of complexity that comes with reflecting before, during and after sessions. Gibbs six-staged cyclical model for example is a complex calculated formula intentional to give detailed analysis and evaluation. Whilst this could be beneficial it is only useful to coaches with prior experience or high ability levels. So as a general overall practise reflection can be difficult. Trust is a vital part of a reflective conversation and, according to Maister, Green, Galford (2002), institutionalise is a two-way kind where people can be honest and respect each others openness. Without a real trusting relationship with significant others (e.g. a tutor, mentor, supervisor, coach) personal reflections may stay safe and predictable and the real issues may go unresolved.(PDF) Social dynamic in any relationship is extremely important. The relationship between coach and athlete is as open to flux as every other relationship. Trust is vitally important and is open to change to high and low levels. If trust is broken then coach performance or athlete obedience could drop. Reflection here is then a problem if not enough trust is spread and responsibility fall onto other people to provide strength in connecting and creativity in avoiding playing the safe picking which could potentially break trust. Conclusion To conclude, I believe that reflection is a very useful practise for coaches to undertake in developing athletes. Reflection can take place before, during and after which makes it very flexible and adaptable to a variety of environments. The coach does however need a certain level of ability in order to reflect appropriately and constructively. Detail is paramount and a coach analysing a level too high above them will exertion using reflection. I personally believe that the best method of reflection is video analysis. I think this because it gives an exact recollection of technical display and thank to modern technology is available at a wide range of levels. It is, however, important that a coach doesnt rely on one method such as video analysis. During a competition or quick based environment it may not be possible to use this method and therefore a variety of reflective methods should be learnt and applied by coaches. This will make them more rounded and adaptable to their environment. One thing that I found intriguing was the amount of reflection that the coach must put on themselves. This self reflection is vital as if this isnt carried out coaches methods may stagnate or accurate analysis and therefore feedback for the athlete cannot be attained thus making the practise useless. coach needs adaptable refelective ability, depending on the athletes, age, gende r, ability etc..To sum up .states and defines refelction very clearly ..

Revenge and Vengeance in Shakespeares Hamlet - Revenge or Scruples? :: Shakespeare Hamlet Essays

village Revenge or Scruples?          Vengeance is mine, sayith the Lord.  What does this mean?  I believewhat the Christians meant it to mean is that we, as humans, redeem no right to promisek revenge, that only the Lord has the right to decide when to take revenge.We say this, but do we follow it?  No, I think not.  We all(a) try to take revengeinto our own hands, in one form or another.         Revenge is one strong theme that holds throughout Hamlet.  We seePrince Hamlet try to execute a kind of private vengeance, an eye for an eye,which is completely opposite of the Christian teachings.  Hamlet is a man whobelieves in nirvana and hell and who feels that a man who challenges divineordinance will ultimately face judgment.  We exponent look at the tactile sensation of the lateking Hamlet as the part of us that wants to take vengeance into our own minds.Like the little voice in our heads that tells us to do something, when in ourhearts we get it on it is wrong.         When Horatio, Barnardo, and Marcellus tell Hamlet of their sighting ofthe ghost, Hamlet agrees to join them that night and see if he can observe theghost firsthand and possibly speak with it. That night when Horatio, Marcellus,and Hamlet sight the ghost, it beckons Hamlet to leave the other two and speakto it in privacy. Hamlet follows, despite the protests of the others, who fearit may be an evil spirit, disguising as King Hamlet in order to gain their trust.Horatio suggests that it may lead him astray and then assume some otherhorrible form / Which might deprive your sovereignty of reason / And draw youinto madness... (I, iv, 80-82). Hamlet insists on listening to the message ofthe ghost. Although he does not state it, perhaps Hamlet subconsciouslyconsiders that Horatio is right, that the ghost is indeed a false messenger sentto trouble him.   &nbs p     Hamlet does not kill Claudius immediately following his encounter withthe ghost because he is faint-hearted of the ghosts accusations of Claudius and doesnot want to murder him without proper motive. Hamlet would suffer in the eyes ofthe people if he were to murder Claudius, the reigning king, and claim hismotive was the haggling of a ghost. Hamlet already disapproves of Claudius due tohis marriage to Hamlets mother, Gertrude, so soon after the death of her firsthusband, King Hamlet. Prince Hamlet feels that the widow did not sufficientlymourn and that the marriage is incestuous due to the relation between the late

Free Essays on Picture of Dorian Gray: Tthe Seduction of the Reader :: The Picture of Dorian Gray Essays

The Picture of Dorian Gray and the Seduction of the Reader   To wear out art and conceal the artist is arts aim, writes Oscar Wilde in the famous preface of his classic novel The Picture of Dorian Gray. peerless might find it a indorsement ironic the fact that posterity always has looked upon this book as being more or less an autobiography.   Wilde was encircled by scandals until his death, stirring the strict, Victorian fellowship he lived in with his homosexual bent and libertine views on sprightliness. The Picture of Dorian Gray was therefore alike regarded by many people as highly immoral and has probably earned the title classic years after the authors death.   With rarely less than twain cogent aphorisms per page, it is hard not purpose myriads of subtle meanings in the text, why I am only focusing on the main themes I demonstrate interesting.   The obsession of aestheticism and beauty runs wholly by the story in a kind of contradictory way. Osca r Wilde states in the preface Those who find ugly meanings in elegant things are corrupt without being charming. This is a fault.      Those who find beautiful meanings in beautiful things are the cultivated. For these there is hope.   With this he means that one should not, for example, judge a piece of art on a moral basis the art is only there for being aesthetically admired and one should only be enchanted with its beauty, not let oneself be misled by a deeper idea behind it.    At the same time, he lets his protagonist Dorian Gray contract the penalty for his narcissistic behaviour by killing him off at the end of the book, giving the reader the opposite message - that beauty after all is nothing to strive for. Also, Wilde lets the painting of Dorian become a symbol of the young mans degeneration, showing very well the immorality of his life through a work of art. It is like Wilde means to enounce us that art indeed has its important place among p eople, and beauty is seducing to the viewer. However it is temporary, dangerous, and powerful enough to spoil the life of a man. One must cheat how to look upon beauty to be able to love it without succumbing to it. As Oscar Wilde was a confirmed aesthete himself, this conclusion whitethorn appear paradoxical, but it should be mentioned that not much in this book is not.Free Essays on Picture of Dorian Gray Tthe Seduction of the Reader The Picture of Dorian Gray Essays The Picture of Dorian Gray and the Seduction of the Reader   To reveal art and conceal the artist is arts aim, writes Oscar Wilde in the famous preface of his classic novel The Picture of Dorian Gray. One might find it a bit ironic the fact that posterity always has looked upon this book as being more or less an autobiography.   Wilde was surrounded by scandals until his death, stirring the strict, Victorian society he lived in with his homosexual bent and libertine views on life. The Picture of Dorian Gr ay was therefore also regarded by many people as highly immoral and has probably earned the title classic years after the authors death.   With rarely less than two cogent aphorisms per page, it is hard not finding myriads of subtle meanings in the text, why I am only focusing on the main themes I found interesting.   The obsession of aestheticism and beauty runs all through the story in a kind of contradictory way. Oscar Wilde states in the preface Those who find ugly meanings in beautiful things are corrupt without being charming. This is a fault.      Those who find beautiful meanings in beautiful things are the cultivated. For these there is hope.   With this he means that one should not, for example, judge a piece of art on a moral basis the art is only there for being aesthetically admired and one should only be enchanted with its beauty, not let oneself be misled by a deeper idea behind it.    At the same time, he lets his protagonist Dor ian Gray suffer the penalty for his narcissistic behaviour by killing him off at the end of the book, giving the reader the opposite message - that beauty after all is nothing to strive for. Also, Wilde lets the painting of Dorian become a symbol of the young mans degeneration, showing very well the immorality of his life through a work of art. It is like Wilde means to tell us that art indeed has its important place among people, and beauty is seducing to the viewer. However it is temporary, dangerous, and powerful enough to spoil the life of a man. One must know how to look upon beauty to be able to love it without succumbing to it. As Oscar Wilde was a confirmed aesthete himself, this conclusion may appear paradoxical, but it should be mentioned that not much in this book is not.