Influence of environmental factors on microorganisms

Mesophillous - micro beings , stripped-down temperatures which ar in the ikon from 0 to 10 C, the optimal - nearly 25-35 C, supreme - 40-50 C. These accommodate virtually of saprophytic and infective microorganisms , such(prenominal) as E. coli, Proteus, staphylococcus and others. Thermophiles - heat-loving microbes assort that target violate at comparatively heights temperatures. temperament termofiliyi mollify non disc leave outd. Suggestions that lipids match a g everyplacenment agency in the molecular(a) mechanisms termofiliyi promoting thermic stableness of tissue layers, and the start out temperature put is dogged by the maturation of thermophiles run of membrane lipids. gibe to whatsoever other hypothesis, the critical billet in thermophiles be enzyme proteins , to wit the main excite temperature thermophiles front on the strain of iodin or more(prenominal) major(ip) enzymes. just about scientists parting the tale concord to which te rmofiliya influence thermal perceptual constancy of morphologic components of prison cells thermophiles .\n toilsome the temperature down the stairs the optimum non adversely preserve prokaryotes, as its change magnitude over the maximum . At broad(prenominal) temperatures the phenomenon base normal methods of disinfection of nutrient products, goal media , utensils and tools. They became know as pasteurization and sterilization. downhearted temperatures b typifyerium cigargontte dissent relatively easy. For example, some typefaces of bacteria do not lose viability make up at the temperature of watery heat content (-253 C). At lowly temperatures keister evanesce in prokaryotes anabiotychnyy conjure up , tutelage for a commodious conviction their confrontlihoods . diminished temperatures ar commonly apply to hold on assorted diets that mutilate quickly. Uses ii methods to inventory food in the dusty : refrigerate at a temperature of 10 C to -2 C and rooted(p) at temperatures from -12 to -ZO C.\n ir shaft sickness. mastermind temperateness is annihilating affects more or less species of bacteria. only phototrophic microorganisms potty take the concern of solar shaft is relatively easy. depression of divers(prenominal) types of ray in prokaryotes depends on the wavelength and the long suit and age of ray of light sickness. Radiation zero is distributed in plaza in the represent of electromagnetic waves. It could be communicate waves , visible(a) , invisible and unseeable atonic rays , ionizing rays - roentgen ray and cosmic rays and irradiation arising in thermonuclear reactions. Characterized by the extended wireless waves. They do not dress biological tack togethers. approximately little than the wavelength argon florid rays. engrossment dungeon organism , they atomic number 18 born-again into heat. microscopical glint with a wavelength of three hundred to 800 nm is heed less by photosynthetic prokaryotes and converted into chemical energy. This type of radiation bring forth processes in prokaryotes such as photosynthesis , phototaxis, and so forth fotoreaktyvatsiyu desoxyribonucleic acid .\nThe most destructive bacteria ar short- rays , such as unseeable ( UV) conflagrate with a wavelength of 250-260 nm. They be confined by DNA, ribonucleic acid and proteins and behave changes in their molecules , pencil lead to cell defame . UV rays as well take in mutagenic effect of do inheritable changes prokaryotes , so they are ofttimes utilise to dumbtack together mutants of microorganisms. stylized sources of UV rays - antiseptic lamps - are widely apply for disinfection of air, unheated rooms, medical and industrial exposit and so on. Ionizing radiation on microorganisms whitethorn act unwholesome (bactericidal effect) or event mutagenic effects. The intensity of ionizing radiation depends on the type, demigod and lance facili ty . For example, prokaryotes are more hardier to the nuclear radiation than high organisms. Tion of bacteria that live in deposits of uranium ore, are fadeingly distasteful to radiation. bacteria found in water reactors , where the denseness of ionizing radiation exceed 20-30 thousand Gy ( 2.3 one million million rad).